Faculty surgery: contents of the course.
The main topics of our cource are listed below:
Emergency surgery:
- Acute appendicitis;
- Acute cholecystitis;
- Acute pancreatitis;
- Acute peritonitis;
- Acute bowel obstruction (strangulation intestinal obstruction, obstructive ileus);
- Complications of peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (bleeding, perforation, pyloric stenosis, penetration).
The most common surgical diseases:
- Hernias of the abdominal wall (inguinal (groin), femoral, umbilical, incisional);
- Diseases of the mammary glands (benign breast disorders (benign tumors, dishormonal hyperplasia, gynecomasty), breast cancer);
- Diseases of the thyroid gland (thyroiditis, endemic goiter, toxic goiter, thyroid cancer);
- Diseases of the esophagus (esophagitis, cancer);
- Cancer of the stomach;
- Colon cancer;
- Diseases of the rectum (hemorrhoids, anal fissure, rectal prolapse, cancer).
The most common surgical diseases:
- Abdominal aorta aneurysm (symptoms and signs, surgical treatment).
- Leriche’s syndrome (symptoms and signs, surgical treatment).
- Peripheral artery disease due to atherosclerosis (symptoms and signs, surgical treatment).
- Obliterating endarteritis (symptoms and signs, surgical treatment).
- Ischemic heart disease (symptoms and signs, surgical treatment).
- Treatment of postmastectomy lymphatic edema of the upper limbs.
Students should know the following particularities of each of the diseases above:
- Epidemiology;
- Anatomist-physiological particularities of the studied organ and surgical anatomy of appropriate area of the organism;
- Classification;
- Etiology and pathogenesis. Main complications and mechanism of their development;
- Pathologic changes (local and general);
- Manifestations of the disease (general and local; the most common signs and symptoms; particularities of manifestation in different stages of the disease and in different groups of patients; other specific clinical manifestations).
- Diagnostic value and comparative efficiency of using the additional methods of examination (laboratory, visualisation, endoscopy, etc.).
- Differential diagnosis (What diseases can have a similar clinical picture? On the ground of what signs and by means of what additional methods the correct diagnosis could be done?).
- Treatment. (Daily regime, diet; indications for conservative treatment, its nature, criterion of efficiency. Preoperating preparation. Indications and contraindications for surgical treatment, types of operations, methods of anesthetization, possible complications. Particularities of postoperative care.)
- The nearest and remote forecast in respect of life and professional activity of the patient. Recommendations (diet, physical activity, further treatment).
